Liapunov functions from auxiliary exact difference equations for nonlinear difference equation stability analysis

Liapunov functions from auxiliary exact difference equations for nonlinear difference equation stability analysi

Lyapunov functions and the exact differential equation

Liapunov functions and exact differential equatio

Lyapunov functions for a class of Nth order nonlinear differential equations

Sequential development of quadratic polynomial into Liapunov function for nonlinear differential equation

Lyapunov functions from auxiliary exact differential equations

Use of auxiliary differential equations derived from nonlinear differential equations to find Lyapunov functio

Graphical Approximation to the Domain of Attraction for Second Order Systems

Reverse solution trajectory approximations to domain of attraction for second order differential equation

Review on computational methods for Lyapunov functions

Lyapunov functions are an essential tool in the stability analysis of dynamical systems, both in theory and applications. They provide sufficient conditions for the stability of equilibria or more general invariant sets, as well as for their basin of attraction. The necessity, i.e. the existence of Lyapunov functions, has been studied in converse theorems, however, they do not provide a general method to compute them. Because of their importance in stability analysis, numerous computational construction methods have been developed within the Engineering, Informatics, and Mathematics community. They cover different types of systems such as ordinary differential equations, switched systems, non-smooth systems, discrete-time systems etc., and employ di_erent methods such as series expansion, linear programming, linear matrix inequalities, collocation methods, algebraic methods, set-theoretic methods, and many others. This review brings these different methods together. First, the different types of systems, where Lyapunov functions are used, are briefly discussed. In the main part, the computational methods are presented, ordered by the type of method used to construct a Lyapunov function